457

26 | The Surgical Technologist | JANUARY 2022 #457   JANUARY 2022 3 CE CREDITS $18 4. Who first described the usage of a pneumatic tourniquet: a. HarveyCushing b. Johannes FriedrichAugust vonEsmarch c. ChristianDoppler d. Noneof the above 5. Optimal placement of SET is: a. Bypulling the straps to the sides, perpendicular to the limb b. In themiddleof thigh c. On theelbow d. Noneof the above 6. Which statement about limb exsanguination is false? a. Limbelevation removes about 45%of the blood b. Esmarchbandageexsanguinates 67%of the blood fromthe limb c. It is safe to inflate apneumatic tourniquet without exsanguination d. Blood that remains in the limb for thedura- tionof the case clots 7. Contraindications for use of Esmarch and SET are: a. Pre-existingdeep vein thrombosis in the operated limb b. Infection in theoperated limb c. Cancer in theoperated limb d. All of the above 1. Complete removal of blood fromthe limb (exsanguination) prior to occluding the blood flow is important because: a. Toprevent intra-vascular clottingof stag- nant bloodduring surgery b. To avoidpost-operativeembolizationof the lungandbrainwhen the tourniquet is removed c. To facilitate adry fieldandminimize cau- terization d. All of the above 2. The true statement(s) about post-opera- tive thighpain after TKA is: a. Thighpain is causedby stretchingand deforming fasciabeneath thepneumatic tourniquet b. PlacingSET inareaswheremuscles and fascia areminimal helpavoidpost-opera- tivepain c. Opiates areoptimal for treatingpost-oper- ative tourniquet pain d. Botha andb 3. The recommended tourniquet time, irrespective ofwhich tourniquet is used is: a. 120minutes b. 150minutes c. 220minutes d. 240minutes 8. Whendoes right-to-left shuntingof blood occur? a. Whenbloodpasses fromthe right atriumto the left atrium b. Whenpressure in the right atriumis higher than in the left c. When the right atriumis higher than the left atrium d. When clots formin the left atrium 9. The correct statement regarding tourniquet pressure is: a. Pneumatic tourniquet applies pressure and compresses a larger volumeof tissue b. SET skinpressure is the same aswithpneumatic tourniquet, but is 30-40%lower inside the limb c. Thepressureon the arterymust begreater by at least 50-100mmHg to stop theblood flow d. It is necessary to collapse at least 5 cmof the artery inorder toblock theblood flow 10. Tourniquet time shouldbe limited to120min- utes to: a. Prevent surgeon fatigue b. Avoid completedepletionof all ATP in the muscle inall types of patients c. Be able to reuse the tourniquet another time d. Onlyband c OptimizingtheBloodlessSurgicalFieldinLimbSurgery AST Member No. ■ My address has changed. The address below is the new address. Name Address City State Zip Telephone ■ Check enclosed  ■ Check Number a b c d a b c d 1 ■ ■ ■ ■ 11 ■ ■ ■ ■ 2 ■ ■ ■ ■ 11 ■ ■ ■ ■ 3 ■ ■ ■ ■ 13 ■ ■ ■ ■ 4 ■ ■ ■ ■ 14 ■ ■ ■ ■ 5 ■ ■ ■ ■ 15 ■ ■ ■ ■ 6 ■ ■ ■ ■ 16 ■ ■ ■ ■ 7 ■ ■ ■ ■ 17 ■ ■ ■ ■ 8 ■ ■ ■ ■ 18 ■ ■ ■ ■ 9 ■ ■ ■ ■ 19 ■ ■ ■ ■ 10 ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ Make It Easy - Take CE Exams Online Y ou must have a credit card to pur- chase test online. We accept Visa, MasterCard and American Express. Your credit card will only be charged once you pass the test and then your credits will be automati- cally recorded to your account. Log on to your account on the AST homepage to take advantage of this benefit. If you want to mail in your CEs, but still want to pay by credit card, give us at call at 800-637-7433. OPTIMIZINGTHEBLOODLESSSURGICAL FIELDINLIMBSURGERY #457 JANUARY2022 3CECREDITS $18